A range filter in an Elasticsearch query is used to filter documents based on a specific numeric or date field falling within a specified range of values. This filter allows you to retrieve documents that meet certain criteria within a specified range.
 
When dealing with numeric fields (e.g., prices, quantities), you can use a range filter to find documents where the field value falls within a specified numeric range.

Example:

{ 
 "range": { 
   "price": { 
     "gte": 20, 
     "lte": 50 
   } 
 } 
} 

 
For date fields (e.g., timestamps, dates of events), you can use a range filter to filter documents within a specified date range.

Example:

{ 
 "range": { 
   "event_date": { 
     "gte": "2023-01-01", 
     "lte": "2023-12-31" 
   } 
 } 
}